Jasper is an opaque variety of chalcedony, typically encountered in shades of mottled yellow-red-brown due to various iron oxides. It often exhibits bands or spots. Its name is derived from the Greek word “Iaspis”, which is mentioned in works of Theophrastus and the Bible. What makes this mineral interesting are its streaks and layers, which sometimes form impressive psychedelic patterns. These patterns have been grouped and assigned various poetic names.
Lava is the molten substance released by volcanoes and is an Italian word meaning ‘flooding’. The Earth’s crust is largely made up of solidified lava. Lava is often used to make jewelry. In fact, lava and gagate jewelry were also fashionable in the 19th century during the so-called Victorian period.